If your AED program is ever audited, by a state inspector, OSHA officer, insurance underwriter, or plaintiff’s expert witness, the first document anyone asks for is the maintenance log. Not the device itself. Not the policy manual. The log. A clean, signed, well-kept log is the single strongest piece of evidence that the program is real. A missing or sporadic log is the single most-cited finding when AED programs fail audits.
This guide explains exactly what a defensible AED maintenance log should capture, what to retain for how long, and provides a template that organizations can adapt for binder, spreadsheet, or fleet-management software use.
What every AED maintenance log row should capture
An audit-defensible monthly log entry should include eight fields. Any one of these missing creates a defensive gap if a cardiac event occurs and the program is reviewed.
| # | Field | Why it matters | Recommended format |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date of inspection | Establishes cadence; gaps surface immediately | YYYY-MM-DD |
| 2 | AED location identifier | For multi-AED fleets, which unit was inspected | Building / floor / room (e.g., “Bldg A, 2F, Lobby”) |
| 3 | Device make / model / serial | Ties to the manufacturer’s recall database and registration | Drop-down or pre-printed field |
| 4 | Status indicator color | Confirms self-test passing on inspection day | Green / Yellow / Red + photo if practical |
| 5 | Pad expiration date | Forecasts the upcoming replacement window | YYYY-MM |
| 6 | Battery expiration / install-by date | Forecasts the upcoming replacement window | YYYY-MM |
| 7 | Cabinet & signage condition | Catches theft, damage, and signage degradation | OK / Issue noted (with description) |
| 8 | Maintainer name + signature | Establishes named accountability and traceability | Printed name + signature or initials |
Log says a replacement is due?
Order by part number, not by description. Each model uses a different pad and battery, and pad life ranges from two to five years.
All models: pads and battery costs · Philips parts · ZOLL parts
Optional fields that strengthen audit defensibility
- Photograph of status indicator with timestamp , photo timestamps create defensible visual proof of inspection
- Pads/battery quantity on hand , verifies replacement stock for next cycle
- Cabinet alarm test result, quarterly or monthly verification
- Action notes for any issue, what was found, what was done, when resolved
- Cross-reference to incident report, if AED was deployed, link to post-event record
- Next scheduled inspection date, visible accountability for the next cycle
Sample monthly log entry (format example)
| Date | Location | Model / Serial | Status | Pad exp. | Battery exp. | Cabinet | Maintainer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-03-15 | Bldg A · Lobby | ZOLL AED Plus / SN 12345 | Green | 2027-08 | 2028-02 | OK | J. Smith |
| 2026-02-15 | Bldg A · Lobby | ZOLL AED Plus / SN 12345 | Green | 2027-08 | 2028-02 | OK | J. Smith |
| 2026-01-15 | Bldg A · Lobby | ZOLL AED Plus / SN 12345 | Green | 2027-08 | 2028-02 | OK | J. Smith |
Digital vs. paper logging
✓ Digital log (spreadsheet/fleet software)
- Searchable across multiple AEDs and years
- Automated reminder integration
- Cloud-backed; survives binder loss
- Easy to share with auditors and brokers
- Photo attachments inline
⚠ Paper log (binder)
- Tactile, visible at the cabinet
- No software adoption barrier
- Can be lost, water-damaged, or have pages removed
- Hard to share with off-site auditors
- Difficult to back up
Best practice for most facilities: digital primary log with a printed monthly summary kept at the cabinet for quick visual reference. Combine the benefits.
Retention periods by state
Most U.S. states do not specify exact AED log retention requirements in statute, they rely on general healthcare or safety records retention rules. Best practice baselines:
Replacing your AED pads or battery
AED pads and batteries expire on a fixed schedule whether the device is ever used or not, and they are the single most common reason an AED fails when it is needed. In the largest published analysis of FDA-reported AED events, 40,787 cases, batteries accounted for 23.2 per cent of failures and pads and connectors for 23.7 per cent, so 46.9 per cent of all AED failures are consumables (DeLuca et al., Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2012, PMID 21872969). Below is every current replacement part with its price and service life, verified against seller product data on 12 September 2026.
| Model | Adult pads | Battery | Pediatric option | 10 year consumable cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philips HeartStart OnSite | M5071A $99.00, 2 years | M5070A $249.00, 4 years | Separate M5072A cartridge, prescription only | About $894 |
| Philips HeartStart FRx | SMART Pads II 989803139261 $89.00, 2 years | M5070A $249.00, 4 years | Infant/Child Key $139.00, reusable | About $854 |
| ZOLL AED Plus | CPR-D Padz 8900-0800-01 $230.00, 5 years | Lithium set of 10 $100.00, 5 years | Pedi-padz II $155.00, 2 years | About $330, the lowest we track |
| ZOLL AED 3 | CPR Uni-padz 8900-000280-01 $234.00, 5 years | 8000-000696 $201.00, 5 years | None needed, Uni-padz cover children | About $435 |
| Defibtech Lifeline | DDP-100 $75.15 | DBP-1400, part DCF-200 $229.10 | DDP-200P $130.25 | About $530 |
| Defibtech Lifeline VIEW | DDP-2001 $83.05 | DCF-2003 $240.45 | DDP-2002 $136.40 | About $813 |
| HeartSine Samaritan PAD | Pad-Pak-01 $236.00, pads and battery in one cartridge | Included in the Pad-Pak, there is no separate battery | Pediatric Pad-Pak PAD-PAK-02 $279.00 | About $472 |
| Cardiac Science Powerheart G5 | XELAED001C $88.00 | XBTAED001A $495.00, 4 years | XELAED003C $127.00 | About $1,342, the highest we track |
| Physio-Control LIFEPAK CR2 | Quik-Step 11101-000021 $196.00, adult and child in one set | LIFEPAK CR2 lithium battery $341.00, about 4 years | None needed, the Quik-Step set covers children | Not published per part |
Prices verified against the public product data of AED Leader on 30 September 2026. Service life is the manufacturer figure where one is published; where it is not, check the expiry date printed on the part itself. Ten year consumable cost is our own calculation from those part prices and service lives.
Three things owners get wrong
- Buying the wrong Philips pad. The FRx uses SMART Pads II, part 989803139261. SMART Pads III belong to the FR3, a different device. The OnSite uses M5071A and the two are not interchangeable.
- Assuming the pediatric part is optional. On a ZOLL AED Plus, Pedi-padz II cost $155.00 and last two years, which is about $775 across a ten year life. On a ZOLL AED 3 or a LIFEPAK CR2 the pads already cover children and that cost is zero.
- Tracking the wrong date. HeartSine combines the pads and battery into one Pad-Pak cartridge, so there is a single expiry to track. Every other model here has two parts on two separate clocks.
Full replacement schedule by model is on our AED pads and batteries page. If you are still choosing a device, the ten year running cost is usually a bigger number than the discount you are negotiating: see every AED brand ranked by price and ten year cost.
Recertified prices across all seven models
Recertified units are the same models under the same FDA premarket approvals, restored, tested and sold with a minimum three year warranty.
| Model | New | Recertified | You keep | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philips HeartStart OnSite | $1,589 | $875 | $714 (45%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| Philips HeartStart FRx | $2,099 | $875 | $1,224 (58%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| ZOLL AED Plus | $2,082 | $875 | $1,207 (58%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| ZOLL AED 3 | $2,399 | $1,150 | $1,249 (52%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| HeartSine Samaritan PAD 350P | $1,411 | $875 | $536 (38%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| HeartSine Samaritan PAD 450P | $1,761 | $875 | $886 (50%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
| Cardiac Science Powerheart G5 | $2,157 | $1,225 | $932 (43%) | AED Leader or Response Ready |
Prices verified 30 September 2026 against the public product data of both stores. Both list identical recertified prices, so buy from whichever fits your order size: AED Leader for one to four units, Response Ready for five or more and for compliance and fleet programmes. New prices are the AED Leader list price on the same date.
The honest risk. A recertified AED is a used device. The three year minimum warranty is what makes the saving worth taking. Read recertified versus new and how to choose a refurbished AED before you decide.
| Record type | Minimum retention | Recommended retention |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly inspection log | 3 years | Indefinite (digital) |
| Pad/battery replacement receipts | 3 years | 10 years (device lifecycle) |
| Training records/certifications | 3 years past expiration | 10 years |
| Post-deployment incident reports | 5 to 7 years (some states) | Indefinite |
| State registration confirmations | Active period + 3 years | 10 years |
| Annual program audit records | 3 years | 10 years |
Multi-AED fleet logging patterns
For organizations with 5+ AEDs, a single spreadsheet quickly becomes unwieldy. Two structures that work:
Structure A, One row per inspection
Each row = one inspection event. Columns: date, location, model, serial, status, expiration dates, and maintainer. Easy to sort by date or by device. Best for fleets up to ~25 AEDs.
Structure B, One sheet per AED
Each AED gets its own sheet/tab. Monthly entries roll down the rows. Easy to see one device’s history at a glance. Best for very large fleets and audit-by-device workflows.
Structure C, Fleet management software
Dedicated AED program software (AEDTS, Atrus, AED Sentinel) handles device-level history, automated reminders, dashboard visibility, and exportable audit reports. Best for organizations with 25+ AEDs or multi-site operations. Learn more about AED program management at AED Leader.
The “audit-ready in 5 minutes” test
Use this test to gauge log quality. An auditor walks in unannounced and asks: “Show me the inspection record for AED serial number 12345 for January 2024.”
- If you can produce it in under 5 minutes, your log is audit-ready
- If it takes 30+ minutes of searching, your log is at risk
- If you can’t find it at all, you have an exposure problem
Run this test quarterly on a random AED + random month. If the answer takes more than 5 minutes, restructure the log.
Build your own maintenance log template
Use the eight fields above to build your own spreadsheet log, with optional audit-strengthening fields, drop-down validation and a printable monthly summary.
Common log mistakes to avoid
- “Started 3 months ago”, gaps are audit findings
- Unsigned or unnamed entries, accountability is the point
- Only logging “OK” with no detail, generic logs read as fabricated
- Storing only on one personal computer or printed binder, single point of failure
- Not retaining 3+ years , falls short of best-practice retention
- No backup or cloud sync , log loss = compliance gap
- Inconsistent format month to month, auditors notice patterns
Frequently Asked Questions
What should an AED maintenance log include?
At minimum: date, AED location, make/model/serial, status indicator color, pad expiration, battery expiration, cabinet condition, and maintainer name. Best practice adds a timestamped photo of the status indicator.
How long do I keep AED maintenance logs?
Most states set no AED-specific retention period; best practice is a 3-year minimum, and ideally indefinite digital retention. Post-deployment incident reports often require 5 to 7 years.
Can I use a spreadsheet for my AED log?
Yes. A spreadsheet is the most common digital log format and is fully audit-defensible if backed up to cloud storage. For 25+ AED fleets, dedicated fleet management software becomes more efficient.
Who should sign the maintenance log?
The designated maintainer who performed the inspection, by name and signature (or digital signature/initials in spreadsheets). Generic “facilities team” signatures fail audit accountability tests.
Do I need a separate log for each AED?
Not necessarily, a single spreadsheet can hold all devices with location identifier columns. For multi-site fleets, one sheet per AED becomes more practical. Fleet management software handles this automatically.
What if I miss a month of inspection?
Note the gap in the next entry with a brief explanation (“January inspection missed , facilities staffing change. Devices verified February 1, status green”). Honesty in documentation is more defensible than fabrication.
Is a photo-only log sufficient?
Photos are excellent supporting evidence, but should accompany a written log entry. Photos timestamp inspection events and prove status indicator color, but a written entry captures pads/battery expiration, cabinet condition, and maintainer accountability.
Get your team certified the easy way.
Sources & References
- FDA, Automated External Defibrillators
- OSHA, AEDs in the Workplace Best Practices Guide
- American Heart Association, Public AED Resources
- Manufacturer maintenance documentation: Philips, ZOLL, Defibtech, HeartSine, Cardiac Science, Physio-Control
Disclaimer: Log retention periods vary by state. Verify state-specific requirements with your state Department of Health or AED program counsel.
